Histological evaluation of orthodontic tooth movement following low level laser irradiation in rabbits

Background Reduction of orthodontic treatment time is a major concern for orthodontists. Low level laser therapy (LLL) has been widely used in dentistry and it has been claimed that it could stimulate bone formation. Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate histological effects of LLL on alveolar bone remodeling during experimental tooth movement in rabbits. Methods In this experimental study which was performed in the animal lab of Mashhad Dental School in 2016 twenty pre-pubertal female albino rabbits with the mean age of 8±1 weeks were randomly assigned into two groups. All the rabbits were examined by a veterinarian, and underweight or diseased rabbits were excluded from the study. Fifty gram orthodontic force was applied via 0.014 stainless steel spring on central teeth in both groups. In the first group, low level laser KLO3 (wave length: 980 nm, Power: 80mw) was irradiated three minutes from the buccal aspect of central teeth for 21 days. In the second group, rabbits were not exposed to laser irradiation and served as our control group. After this period, the distance between mesial corners of incisors was measured blindly by a caliper calibrated as 0.1mm. All rabbits in both groups were sacrificed by vital perfusion for histological evaluation to determine the number of resorption lacuna and amount of fibrous tissue. Independent sample t-test was used to analyze the data. Results The number of resorption lacuna, the rate of tooth movement and fibrous tissue were significantly greater in the lased group (p=0.05). Conclusion Low level laser irradiation could accelerate tooth movement in rabbits via increased resorptive activity in alveolar bone.